草莓下载视频

　隨著計(ji)算機技術網絡技術的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展，特別是互(hu)(hu)聯網及社會(hui)公(gong)(gong)共網絡平臺的(de)(de)(de)快速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展，在(zai)“兩(liang)化(hua)”融合(he)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展需求下，為了提高生產高效運行(xing)、生產管理效率，國內(nei)眾多(duo)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大(da)力推進工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控核芯板工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)自身的(de)(de)(de)集成(cheng)化(hua)，集中化(hua)管理。系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)互(hu)(hu)聯互(hu)(hu)通性逐(zhu)步加強，與辦公(gong)(gong)網、互(hu)(hu)聯網也存在(zai)千絲(si)萬縷的(de)(de)(de)聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)。但是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)建設時更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)是考(kao)慮各自系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)可用(yong)性，并沒有考(kao)慮系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)之間(jian)互(hu)(hu)聯互(hu)(hu)通的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)風險和防(fang)護建設。使得國際國內(nei)針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)攻擊(ji)事(shi)件(jian)層出不窮，“震(zhen)網”病毒(du)事(shi)件(jian)為全(quan)(quan)(quan)球工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)問(wen)題敲響(xiang)了警鐘，促使國家和社會(hui)逐(zhu)漸重視工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)問(wen)題。據權威工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)事(shi)件(jian)信(xin)息庫RISI統(tong)(tong)計(ji)，截至2013年10月，全(quan)(quan)(quan)球已發(fa)(fa)(fa)生300余起(qi)針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)攻擊(ji)事(shi)件(jian)。2001年后(hou)，隨著通用(yong)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)標準(zhun)與互(hu)(hu)聯網技術的(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)泛使用(yong)，針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)（ICS）的(de)(de)(de)病毒(du)、木馬等攻擊(ji)行(xing)為大(da)幅(fu)度(du)增長，直接導致工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)故障(zhang)次數明顯增多(duo)，對(dui)人員、設備(bei)和環(huan)境造成(cheng)嚴(yan)重后(hou)果。

　　國家非(fei)常重視工(gong)控(kong)(kong)核芯(xin)板工(gong)業控(kong)(kong)制系統(tong)信息安全(quan)問題。工(gong)業和信息化部2011年9月發布《關于加(jia)強工(gong)業控(kong)(kong)制系統(tong)信息安全(quan)管(guan)理的(de)通知(zhi)(zhi)》（〔2011〕451號），通知(zhi)(zhi)明確了工(gong)業控(kong)(kong)制系統(tong)信息安全(quan)管(guan)理的(de)組織領(ling)導、技(ji)術保障(zhang)、規章制度等(deng)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)要(yao)求，并(bing)在工(gong)業控(kong)(kong)制系統(tong)的(de)連接、組網(wang)、配置、設備選擇(ze)與升(sheng)級、數據、應急管(guan)理等(deng)六(liu)個(ge)方(fang)面(mian)提出了明確的(de)具體要(yao)求。

　　2012年，國務院頒布《關于大力推進信(xin)息化發展和(he)(he)切實保障信(xin)息安(an)全(quan)的若干意見（國發〔2012〕23號(hao)》，其中(zhong)明確要求保障工業控制(zhi)系(xi)統安(an)全(quan)，重點(dian)保障對可(ke)能危及(ji)生(sheng)命和(he)(he)公共財產安(an)全(quan)的工業控制(zhi)系(xi)統的安(an)全(quan)。

　　國家發改委從2011年開(kai)(kai)始開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)工(gong)(gong)控(kong)核芯板工(gong)(gong)業控(kong)制(zhi)系統信(xin)息(xi)(xi)安全(quan)專項，涉及面向現場設備環境(jing)的邊(bian)界安全(quan)專用網關產(chan)(chan)品(pin)、面向集散控(kong)制(zhi)系統（DCS）的異常監測產(chan)(chan)品(pin)、安全(quan)采集遠程終端(duan)單(dan)元（RTU）產(chan)(chan)品(pin)、工(gong)(gong)業應(ying)用軟(ruan)件漏洞掃描產(chan)(chan)品(pin)等(deng)產(chan)(chan)業化項目。在電力電網、石油(you)石化、先進制(zhi)造、軌道交通等(deng)領域(yu)，支持大型(xing)重(zhong)點骨干企(qi)業，按(an)照(zhao)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)安全(quan)等(deng)級保護相關要(yao)求，開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)工(gong)(gong)業控(kong)制(zhi)系統信(xin)息(xi)(xi)安全(quan)建(jian)設的試點示范。

　　當前，工控核芯板工業信(xin)(xin)息(xi)系統(tong)正從(cong)單(dan)機走向(xiang)互聯(lian)，從(cong)封閉走向(xiang)開放，安全漏洞(dong)和風險不斷涌現(xian)。2017年第一季度，國家信(xin)(xin)息(xi)安全漏洞(dong)共享(xiang)平臺爆出我國新(xin)增(zeng)工控系統(tong)行業漏洞(dong)30個，其(qi)中半數以(yi)上是高危漏洞(dong)。2017年6月，在(zai)工信(xin)(xin)部的指導下，國家工業信(xin)(xin)息(xi)安全產(chan)業發(fa)展(zhan)聯(lian)盟正式成立。